Environmental and Ecological Issues in Robyn Eckersley’s Perspective Essay Example for Free

Environmental and Ecological Issues in Robyn Eckersleys Perspective EssayRobyn Eckersley, a renowned environmentalist believes that ecocentric theorists do not claim that anthropocentrism is the sole or original cause of the ecological crisis. She too reflects that environmental crisis is the outcome of existences joyful and spontaneous instincts due to repressive social and psychic division of labor. As a matter of fact, she contends to the idea that it is the rise of material paradigms that mint are in need of reconciliation with nature.She notes that utilitarianism in its very state undermined the essence of the environment which is why the veil of knowledge worn by the gild is covering them thus colonizing the vivification-world. Eckersley examined the deontology of ethics inclined with the aim of making the recent topographical shifts within the field that are less unknown to us (Eckersley). To note, she states utilitarian and eudaimonistic or therefore theological mo ral philosophy derives difference between good and evil from the effects which actions and attributes by nature have for the form of life of the actor and his environment (Louden). In further illustration, she meant that the good deeds can conveyed as those that are considerably favorable effects for human welfare, while those that shore about the opposite are otherwise. Hence, this connotation also falls on the deliberative state of intuitive and formalistic ethics. Although Eckersley favors a rights discourse as a way to include the natural world in a liberal system, she admits that, the rights discourse becomes considerably strained (in all its dimensions) when we come to consider ecological entities (Eckersley). She defines two-fold human activities to be the cumulative result of the ecosystems components and that todays approach towards this epidemic will not ensure sustainability. In essence, she is not against both form human-driven doings however, she is not favor of the manner that it handles the resources that in the light provides for the very existence of human beings. The harvesting of the planets resources is seen to be prejudicial to the future of the ecosystem and if such is prolonged, survival will be provided only for the few.Socialist critique of liberalism in comparison with the ecological state will differ in terms of morality and the deontology of ethics. It is apparent that not all deeds are the same when it comes to utilitarianism, sometimes, the ecosystem, being unable to air its share of sentiments, id reprimanded and oftentimes taken for given (Rice). Humans are subject to care for those of its kind and the environment is not considered to be a part of it. In consequence, such is an irony, given that the human beings watch and survive with the help of a healthy ecosystemwithout the ecosystem, the members of the society will not be able to live.Policies, regulations and management may have changed over time. If compared to the p revious century where not all are aware of the threat and the challenge of sustainability, the contemporary era now gives regard to narrowing the problems and eradicate or at least moderate in the utilization of resources provided that there is a massive chance that it may no longer be available in the next deoxycytidine monophosphate years. The signs of climate change is a proof that laws would need to focus on combining good deeds not only for the people that it serves but also to detain the precautionary measures that may possibly harm the humanity.Accordingly guidance is considered necessary on the position of ecosystem mechanism that may be at risk (Rice). plant life CitedEckersley, Robyn. Liberal Democracy and the Rights of Nature The Struggle for Inclusion. Environmental Politics 4. 4 (1995). Louden, Robert B. Toward a Genealogy of Deontology. Journal of the History of Philosophy 34. 4 (1996). Rice, Jake. Can We wipe out Ecosystems in a Sustainable Way? A symposium on S ustainable Management of Marine Living Resources 60. 1-2 (2008). doi10. 1016/j. seares. 2008. 02. 002.

Investigative Report on Interviewee Essay Example for Free

Investigative Report on audienceee EssayThe interview is of a former police officer who is now undergoing a course in criminal justice psychology. The interviewee is a 57 year old sepa reckond man who has been a professional policeman with the California Highway Patrol (CHP) and has also had a second career as a optical maser technician. The interviewee has a surd existential exposure to criminals during his career in the CHP. He is a multi dimensional personality pursuing guile as well as computer 3D art and painting. Presently he is looking forward for a graduate degree in criminal justice psychology followed possibly by a doctoral degree in psychology. He indeed has innate interest in human psychology and is leave aloneing to learn. The individual is concerned about the suicide rate for CHP officers and feels that by combining knowledge of psychology with practical experience in policing he would be able to contribute to improvement of quality of life and thus possibly bring down the suicide rate. The interviewee has a strong feminine bondage in the family being a father of four daughters aged 17 to 35 years and is also a grandfather of 5.Thus while he has been separated there is possibility of adequate empathy for women borne out of this innate connectivity. 2. identify the elements the interviewee possessed. The individual has good knowledge of policing and is interested in psychology. Despite his relatively short tenure in the police due to medical reasons, he is act to policing and criminology. The biggest asset of the person is his willingness to learn and experiment. Thus after his policing career he has been in a most unusual ancestry as a laser technician and now is pursuing a career in criminal justice psychology.His interests in inter related fields of crime and psychology make him an perfect combination for mentoring and providing psychological assistance to police officers. While he has had a good exposure to policing, he has not h ad any experience with women officers as during his time diaphragm of service, women police officers had not been inducted in the force. His knowledge of women police officers is thus limited to anecdotal inputs provided by his colleagues and short social exposure to daughters of police presently work in the force.There is thus a strong element of doubt of capability of women officers in the harsh environment of beat policing in the individual. He has on the other hand a strong sense of values and character, based on his experience in policing and he sees these as prime assets in a police personnel. He also tends to rely on experience and personal knowledge in making judgments. 3. Describe the elements that might lead to advantages or disadvantages for women officers.The interviewee has a strong womanish empathy factor in the family, being the father of four daughters and one who is open to the girl child take up a policing job which will certainly work to his advantage. Another issue is his understanding of the criminal policing system and interest in psychology which will provide a strong backdrop to all aspects related to mentoring of police officers. He is willing to learn and is a multi skilled person interested in arts. These elements provide him the motivation as well as the ability to learn new skills and adapt to varied surroundings.The strong sense of values and character that he possesses will surely be an advantage. The interviewee has had no experience of working with women officers earlier which could be a serious disadvantage as he would not be able to correlate to problems, pressures and the variety in environment in which male and female officers in the force have to work. Being a separated person there could be a disadvantage of greater mistrust, though this will depend on intrinsic reasons for separation which are not known at present.The interviewees opinions of the competence of female officers is based on dated information when there were limited numbers and their role was also restricted, this may necessitate a longer learning period for him to adjust to an environment required to support women. The interviewee also is not confident of the role that women officers can play in the police force and honestly doubts their capabilities. merely this may be due to lack of exposure to women officers during his career. He may be willing to change his opinion once he is exposed, given his family backcloth and learning motivation.4. Explain why these elements might prove beneficial or problematic when working with women officers. A general empathy for women in general which the individual possesses will prove beneficial along with basic grounding in psychology as well as criminal justice system. Adaptability and willingness to learn may also prove beneficial when working with women officers. His emphasis on values, character and respect will also be useful to motivate women officers as they are to a greater extent ide alistic and moved by demonstrated ethical characteristics.In working with women police officers, it would be essential to understand their special needs and differentiate the direction of their working with that of male officers. The interviewee lacks exposure and appears to be opinionated in this regard which would be problematic. The interviewee is also not very comfortable with the idea of women in policing which may again be due to his lack of experience in this regard and this would be problematic at least in the initial stages.Reference 1. Interview Record. (No Date). Copy of proceedings attached in original.

Women of Race in the Late 19th Century Essay Example for Free

Wo man world-beater of Race in the Late 19th Century EssayDuring the American Civil War all the free bloodless men of the southwestwardern confederacy had left their homes to fight the war. While the light male grayers were out fighting battles they left their family and homes with their slaves. During that time period there were no incidents of rape rather the slaves provided protection for their families. When the war ended all the slaves were free and became citizens of the United States. The white southerners did not take to this lightly. To maintain white supremacy in the south white southerners would make false accusations against Afro-Americans of rape, murder, burglary, etc. With the extra-legal laws still intact, by public opinion an enraged mob would lynch Afro-American that have been charge of a crime. This law was only exercised towards the Afro-American population of the south during the late 19th century, generally towards Afro-Americans men, to maintain whi te supremacy in the south. The gender averages of the south were that white women married white men. There was a law that prohibited interracial marriage.The law even prohibited knowing interracial relations. Gender ideology of the time was still Victorian, women would stay at home and men would provide for their families. The role of the women was to take c ar of home and be the moral compass for the family. The spell was supposed to work to provide income for his family and home. Sometimes the man of the house would lose sight of his virtues and would rely on his wife to guide him. The core virtues were religious and mainly Christian. There is a reason why the woman is supposed to be the moral compass for her family. Southern women of the late 19th century were to be pharisaic and pure. Seeking for an intellectual life and a career was frowned upon heavily. Men of the late 19th century were not expect to be pure because of their nature unless they were encouraged to seek a pio us life. Men were seen as impulsive creatures that would make mistakes in his life and would learn from them. Women on the other hand were expected to pure because of their nature.Women were seen as gentle caring bes. White women of the south during the late 19th century, like I wrote before, are to be pious and pure. This gender norm was highly ritualized among white southerners during the time period. The miscegenation law made it so that Afro-American men would not have intimate relations with a white woman. Afro-Americans were seen as impure and vile. They were seen as lesser race in the eyes of white southerners during the late 19th century. Much of the ways that Afro-Americans were treated while immurement were not gone. White southerners still treated them with a dehumanizing respect. When a white woman and Afro-American man had a relationship beyond friendship, the white southern citizens would be enraged and form mobs.These mobs would lynch the suspected rapist. In almost all the alleged cases of rape the Afro-American man did receive the concur of the white woman. There was a case in Elyria, Ohio of a white woman married to a minister who acc utilize an Afro-American man of rape. She told her husband that during his absence in 1888 the man forced his way in the house and insulted her. She did not know the man further she pointed out William Offett, a married man, who was arrested and, being in Ohio, was granted a trial. He prisoner vehemently denied the charge of rape. He was found blamable. The womans remorse led her to confess to her husband that the man was straightforward (Wells, Southern Horrors, pg6). This proves the accusations of rape were commonly mistaken because the woman was not willing to admit her intimacy with an Afro-American man.That did not change anything, if an Afro-American man had intimate relations with a white woman it did not matter, the Afro-American man was going to be hurt if any white southerner were to find out. T here are many situations like these but in some the white lady would admit her intimacy. That would not stop an enraged mob to lynch. The ideology of pure was used to subsidize the degradation of Afro-Americans and to fuel the fire of white supremacists of the late 19th century. There is no doubt that white southern women were attracted to the Afro-American but the southern presses were deeming Afro-Americans as rapists and desperados. Southern media had a huge impact on what the rest of the country perceived Afro-Americans. In Memphis the Daily Commercial and the Evening Scimitar newspapers would claim that that Afro-Americans would target on a white southerners family at night waiting for an opportunity (Wells, Southern Horrors, pg13).Memphis media would use this propaganda to justify the lynching of Afro-Americans even though there was no outcry of rape by the white women in the Memphis area. Rape was one the most common conviction against Afro-American men. The Memphis newspape rs are claiming Afro-Americans are preying on unimpeachable white women and therefore Afro-Americans deserve to be lynched. There are also cases of Afro-American girls being mistreated by white men and these white men do not receive nearly as harsh punishment as the Afro-American man does. These are situations where the white male is completely guilty with evidence to back it. Where as with Afro-American men they are accused of rape without any evidence to back the claim and are still convicted. In Nashville, Tenn., there is a white man, Pat Hanifan, who outraged a little Afro-American girl, and, from the physical injuries received, she has been ruined for life. He was jailed for six months, discharged, and is now a detective in that city(Wells, Southern Horror, pg10).There is an obvious trend, white southern men were doing what they want and southern Afro-American men were suffering from kindly inequality. In the year 1892 there were alleged 28 Afro-Americans that were lynched in Tennessee alone. In the same year there were a total of 241 Afro-Americans lynched in America but mainly in the southern states. White supremacy saw the Afro-Americans as an economic threat and a threat against white women. The threat against white women was not in any physical way rather it was a threat against their purity. It was obvious that white southern women were attracted to southern Afro-American men and vice versa. It was the ideology of pure that white supremacists used against Afro-American men because they believed that Afro-American men were impure and the white woman was pure. They used extra-legal laws for selfish use. White supremacists were afraid of losing power over Afro-Americans and they were willing to do anything to maintain their power that they once had.

Families And Sibling Abuse Analysis Social Work Essay

Families And blood relative Abuse Analysis Social Work EssayAbuse, whether it be physical, emotional, or sexual, can infiltrate a family setting and alter the dynamics greatly. Within a family thither atomic number 18 distinct relationships and bonds, and each one of those relationships may have a different motive and form of abuse inwardly it. A type of abuse within a family that does non receive often attention from society is abuse by blood relatives. In general, abuse within a family is thought of as a p atomic number 18nt abusing a child and maintain their authority in such a counselling, solely the matter of abuse by a sibling is also very all-important(a) to understand and there are galore(postnominal) implications of such abuse. This research paper go away address the importance of sibling relationships to further understand the implications that come about from abuse within them, what goodly sibling relationships should look like, the commonality of different r elationships of siblings having incest, types of family configurations where sibling abuse is present, and the treatments of siblings that abuse and are victims of abuse. Four articles will be used to understand the issue, Sibling Family Practices Guidelines for Healthy Boundaries (2009) , Sibling Incest Reports from 41 Survivors (2006), Making spirit of Abuse Case Studies in Sibling Incest (2006), and Treating Sibling Abuse Families (2005).Abuse is a very knock-down(a) word that comes with many connotations. The actual definition of abuse has problems with it because it is not universally accepted and the perceptions of abuse from individual to individual vary greatly. Everyone has their own personal cerebration on what abuse consists of and in general it is typically thought of as causing harm to another person. Abuse is an issue that has many intersecting factors and many layers that are rooted deep in relationships. One type of abuse that is of great importance, as are the o thers, is sibling abuse. Sibling abuse is abuse that is perpetrated by one sibling to another and may be physical abuse or sexual abuse, known as incest. The importance of this type of abuse is that it is not given much attention in society and it is difficult to comprehend. Society does not recognize sibling abuse as easily as it will recognize abuse between intimate partners or even abuse between parents and their children. Due to the lack of awareness it is very important to understand what a healthy sibling relationship is, cases of sibling abuse, and treatments of the siblings. By looking at four articles, a view of the issue will come into focus and around light will be shed on the issue of sibling abuse.In Johnson, Huang, and Simpsons research, Sibling Family Practices Guidelines for Healthy Boundaries, (2009) surveys help conclude what is socially acceptable and what is not within a family. The survey was taken of five hundred people and their opinions generally corresponde d. The research showed that when it came to hygiene, bathing together is acceptable for children jr. than five if they are of the same gender. If the children are of different genders, the research shows that it is acceptable for children younger than four to bathe together. Showering is a similar issue, being acceptable for same gendered siblings that are younger than six and acceptable for different gendered siblings younger than four and a half years. The data also reflects adults opinions regarding affection, with the statistics on kissing being 37% saying siblings should never kiss on the mouth and 23% of people saying they should kiss at all ages. (Johnson, Huang, Simpson, 2009). Hugging is widely accepted between siblings. Caffaro and Caffaro address healthy sibling development in Treating Sibling Abuse Families (2005). Caffaro and Caffaro lend a look at the development of sibling relationships, explaining that sibling ties go about in puerility with parents writing the scri pt. (Caffaro Caffaro, 2005). It is common for parents to assign roles for their children without actively meaning to do so. Siblings are often raised being in a natural competition with their sibling and trying to live up to the label that has been placed upon them by their parents. An example would be labeling a child as the smart one and their sibling as the polite one. These two children would compete against each other to keep their title from the other and would also strive to maintain their title, forming it into their self-identity.Carlson, Maciol, and Schneider conducted research in Sibling Incest Reports from Forty-One Survivors (2006) in order to get a concise picture of sibling sexual abuse. The research was conducted using cardinal-four women and seven men and the majority of the forty-one participants were of white. The study conclusions found that three of the males initiated sexual behavior with their sisters and the other men were victims of sibling incest that wa s brought on by brothers of theirs. Four women of the study were victims of sibling incest because of their sisters and the other thirty women were sexually abused by brothers. The research from this article clearly shows that males are the most common perpetrators of sibling incest and women are more likely to be the victims, but men are also sometimes the victims of sibling abuse brought on by brothers. Corresponding with this data, Caffaro and Caffaro found that sixty-three percent of the women in their study were victims of incest collectible to their brothers sexual assault. In contrast to the prior study, Treating Sibling Abuse Families (2009) found that the second most common form of sibling incest is from one brother to another, the succeeding(a) most common being sisters sexually abusing their brothers, and the least common form being sisters sexually abusing their sisters. (Caffaro Caffaro, 2005).As discussed earlier, it is difficult for society to see all of these case s as abuse and incest because of the difficulties there are in defining abuse and there are also different views between families of what is acceptable and normal. In Making Sense of Abuse Case Studies in Sibling Incest (2006), Bass, Taylor, Knudson-Martin, and Huenergardt discuss the possibility of abuse being seen as normal within a family. The research done in the article is case studies that follow two Latin American families where sibling incest was present. One of the families viewed abuse as normal and used secrecy as a way to maintain the abuse. Also, the family did not see outside systems as positive and held the opinion that the systems were invading their personal lives. The second family in the research differed from the first in the way that they viewed abuse as a mistake and unacceptable and they used secrecy to protect rather than perpetuate abuse. The second family also differed in comprehend outside systems and legitimate and, although the systems caused some hards hips, they saw them as appropriate and not intrusive as the first had. (Bass, Taylor, Knudson-Martin, Huenergardt, 2006).Treatment for sibling abuse may begin with what is referred to as a Sibling Abuse Interview, or SAI for short. (Caffaro Caffaro, 2005). The SAI functions by asking questions of all family members about the relationships that are currently between the siblings and also the history of those relationships. The SAI asks questions that ask with abuse and trauma and also points out areas of family resilience. Treatment is usually similar to treatment of other forms of abuse, but the therapy is slightly modified. There are two different perspectives when it comes to sexual abuse of children and they are the Child Protection Movement and the Feminist Movement. The Child Protection Movement holds the philosophy that the child victim is the most important at that time and that the entire family is responsible for protecting that child and providing them safety. The ultima te goal of the Child Protective Movement is to reunite the family with a healthier way of living. The Feminist Movement favors advocacy over all others. This perspective feels that it is necessary and most beneficial for the victim to have an advocate on their side that is refractory to establish protection for that child in the present and the future as well. The Feminist Movement supports family reconciliation, but it does not hold it as a exculpate priority. (Crosson-Tower, 2010). These two theories produce different forms of treatment and have different strategies for treating the victims of incest. Both hold the victims protection above all else but they differ in scathe of what is best for the child, whether it be healthy family practices or advocacy for the victim.The four studies discussed help to give a broad understanding of sibling incest, from the healthy sibling relationships that are used as basis, what sibling incest can be interpreted as in terms of common types, family influences on sibling incest regarding their mindsets, to the treatment and outcomes of sibling incest. The studies were by and large consistent and all painted pictures that corresponded with one another. There were some minor discrepancies in findings, such as the commonality of different forms of sibling incest, but in general the larger messages were all the same. The implications of the research presented is a better awareness of sibling incest and the ability to recognize red flags when they are present. Sibling incest is more big than society likes to think and without understanding sibling incest, it is difficult to prevent it from happening. With understanding, family structures that allow for incest can be recognized and sibling incest can hopefully be diminished.

Implications Of The Union Budget Of India Economics Essay

Implications Of The Union calculate Of India Economics EssayThis article starts with gamelighting some the basics of the Union Budget 2013-14. It further looks in particular at the planned and non-planned using up patterns. A detailed look has been taken at the tax proposals and its impact on individuals and different sphere of influences. A special character has been do of the take hold ofs of the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). The article then concludes by manifestation that over alone it is a lukewarm budget.IMPLICATIONS OF THE UNION BUDGET OF INDIA 2013-14AbstractThis article starts with highlighting some the basics of the Union Budget 2013-14. It further looks in detail at the planned and non-planned expenditure patterns. A detailed look has been taken at the tax proposals and its impact on individuals and different sectors. A special mention has been made of the views of the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). The article then concludes by saying that ove rall it is a lukewarm budget.KEYWORDS -Union budget India, 2013, highlights , impact, individual, sectorsIntroductionThe Union Budget 2013-14 was presentedadmist huge challenges posed by the macro- economic environment both in the domestic and global scenario. A majority feel that the Finance Minister (FM) Mr. P. Chidambram has through with(p) a commendable job by adhering to many of the public commitments he made in the recent past regarding the level of fiscal deficit in India.The FM did non announce drastic changes in the tax structure which could slang brought in more resources. moreover stipulation this moderate mop up he has gaind outlays on many of the key sectors of the economy like education, health and social sector. Yet he has managed to curtail the fiscal deficit at 4.8 % of the GDP. He has also committed to decreasing subsidies given the adjacent categorys estimate for combined food, fertilizer and rock oil product subsidies is at almost Rs 27,000 crore less(p renominal) than the revised estimates for 2012-13.Some Important Highlights* Fiscal deficit seen at 4.8 point of GDP in 2013/14* Faced with huge fiscal deficit, India had no pickax except to rationalize expenditureBorrowing* Gross market borrowing seen at 6.29 trillion rupees in 2013/14* Net market borrowing seen at 4.84 trillion rupees in 2013/14* Short-term borrowing seen at 198.44 billion rupees in 2013/14* To buy back 500 billion rupees worth of bonds in 2013/14Subsidies* 2013/14 major subsidies bill estimated at 2.48 trillion rupees from 1.82 trillion rupees* Petroleum subsidy seen at 650 billion rupees in 2013/14* Revised petroleum subsidy for 2012/13 at 968.8 billion rupees* Estimated 900 billion rupees spending on food subsidies in 2013/14* Revised food subsidies at 850 billion rupees in 2012/13* Revised 2012/13 fertiliser subsidy at 659.7 billion rupeesExpenditure* Total budget expenditure seen at 16.65 trillion rupees in 2013/14* Non-plan expenditure estimated at about 1 1.1 trillion rupees in 2013/14* Indias 2013/14 plan expenditure seen at 5.55 trillion rupees* Revised estimate for supply expenditure is 14.3 trillion rupees in 2012/13, which is 96 point of budget estimate* Set aside deoxycytidine monophosphate billion rupees towards spending on food subsidies in 2013/14Revenue* Expect 133 billion rupees through direct tax proposals in 2013/14* Expect 47 billion rupees through indirect tax proposals in 2013/14* Target 558.14 billion rupees from stake sales in state-run firms in 2013/14* Expect revenue of 408.5 bln rupees from airwave surcharges, auction of telecom spectrum, licence fees in 2013/14Current Account DeficitIndias greater worry is the current account deficit exit need more than $75 billion this year and next year to memory deficitInflationFood inflation is worrying, but all steps will be taken to augment the interpret side.Plan and Non-Plan Expenditures think expenditures have been reduced by 20% from that budgeted for FY 2013 in to attain the project deficit number of 5.1%. This is giving some jitters to the investor community. Planned expenditures in Indias budget refer to discretionary expenditures which can increase the productive capacity of the economy for example, public infra spending, capital expenditure programs of public sector units and capital expenditures in the agriculture sector such as strengthening irrigation facilities/ dry land farming etc.On the contrary in the view of many economists curtailment of planned expenditures can have an adverse impact on long-term capital asset creation in the economy. On the separate hand non-plan expenditure has not been reduced at all. It has actually been increased by 5% on the revenue account. It is slated for a further 10% increase in FY 2014.This brings us to question of what non-plan expenditure is. It primarily comprises of subsidies food, fertilizer and petroleum and other transfer payments, salaries, pensions etc. The 10% increase in non-plan exp enditure projected for FY 2014 appears optimistic and quite on the lower side. A matter of concern is however the fact that the three critical areas of food, fertilizer and petroleum subsidies have not seen any determined attempts at long-term reduction.Budget Proposals and the Implications for Different SectorsIndividualsIncome Tax SlabsIncome Tax RatesWhere the total income does not exceed Rs. 2,00,000/-.NILWhere the total income exceeds Rs. 2,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000/-.10% of amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 2,00,000/-Where the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000/- but does not exceed Rs. 10,00,000/-.Rs. 30,000/- + 20% of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 5,00,000Where the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000/-.Rs. 130,000/- + 30% of the amount by which the total income exceeds Rs. 10,00,000/-Education Cess 3% of the Income-tax.A tax rebate of Rs 2,000 is proposed to be allowed for taxpayers earning total income of up to Rs 5 lakh. This inc reases the basic room access limit for tax trigger at Rs 2.2 lakh for taxpayers with income up to Rs 5 lakh. However there was no relief for taxpayers earning total income above Rs 5 lakh. concurrently the FM imposed a 10% surcharge on income tax for those earning above Rs 1 crore. This is a mere 42,800 in number.Those taking new root word loans of up to Rs 25 lakh during 2013-14 for purchase of their first residential property not worth above 40 lakhs will be eligible for an special deduction of 1 lakh on interest payable The unutilized deduction amount can be carried forward to the next year.Women EmpowermentThe government has we had seen all along above adopted a pro-poor, anti-rich stance. In addition the FM in the budget 2013 showed a lot of concern for women. Among the many proposals notable was the Nirbhaya fund with an allocation of 1000crores. It is aimed at protecting women. He also denote the starting of a all-women public sector bank with n allocation of 1000 crores .Corporates on that point is a reason for corporates to cheer. There is an incentive for them to invest as 15% of spending of over Rs 100 crore on new plant and machinery in the next two years qualifying for a deduction.Securities MarketThe markets had some standard operating procedure too. This was in the form of lower tax on securities transactions and easier procedures for foreign portfolio investors. But on the other hand there was a fresh levy, equivalent to the tax on securities transactions, on non-agricultural commodity futures.Impact on BanksThe budget proposals will benefit government banks through equity infusion and gradual easing in stress on infrastructure loans. However, the level of non-performing loans (NPL) might be high because of the continued focus on agricultural credit. An equity injection of Rs 14000 crores in FY 2014 was planned. This was to maintain the momentum of all initiatives proposed since FY 09. The FM further pledged commitment when he said banks w ill always meet the Basel III capital norms. Private sector banks were encouraged to become competitive by creating a level compete field for them by extending them the interest subvention scheme.Impact on HealthcareThe FM pledged that the government was hell-bent on providing Health for All or Universal Health Coverage and promised Rs 37,330 crore, an increase from Rs 30,702 last year, for the health ministry to achieve this. Here are some are some highlights of the sopsThe Ministry of Health and Family upbeat got an allocation of Rs 37,330 croresThere is a proposal to create a National Health Mission and this NHM will be given Rs 21,200 crore.The FM allocated Rs 4,721 crores to improve health check education,An allocation of Rs 300 crores was made to alleviate child malnutrition. The Ministry of Women and Child Development was asked to frame a better for the improvement of the condition of women in the country. He allocated Rs 97,000 crores for womens cultivationTo improve the childcare health and education facilities, the FM made an allocation of Rs 76,000 crores.The FM attempts to create a comprehensive social security package to agree insurance more accessible to Below-Poverty Line families.The FM added with a hint of humour that tobacco plant, the Governments favourite taxable product would attract a Special impinge on Duty (SED) of 18%. This would apply to all tobacco products like cigarettes, cigars, cheerots.Auto IndustryThe Union Budget has received a mixed response from the Indian auto industry. Some called it the worst-ever and some called it fair or even neutral. The budget was not well received because of its hike in the excise duty on Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) and luxury models.Joginder Singh, President and Managing Director (MD), Ford India Private Limited (FIPL), said, As we all know the automotive industry has been going through very challenging times, we are disappointed with the increase in the excise duty for SUVs.TextilesThe bud get announced a zero excise duty on cotton textiles at the fibre, yarn, fabric and garment stage. This will help reduce prices of end products. The reduced prices will further boost garment demand amid sluttish consumer sentiment. This move will undoubtedly promote revenue growth and improve operating profit and cash flows of the textile sector. The budget in continuation of the technology Up-gradation Fund Scheme in the Twelfth Five Year Plan allocated Rs2,400 crore for technology up-gradation. This is likely to encourage investments power loom modernisation.Impact on basisThe Union Budget 2013-14 addressed some of the many challenges faced by the infrastructure sector. However the solutions for some of the problems have to necessarily be found remote the framework of the annual budget.The budget announced the setting up of a regulatory authority for roads. This was long pending. If the board can be constituted right away vested with enough powers it has the potential to addre ss many of Indias highways development programmes. There was an announcement that 3,000km of road projects will be awarded in the first six months of FY14. This seems ambitious given that less than one-fourth of that number was achieved in the first eight months of FY13. However the target could be achieved if this is sought to be done on the engineering, procurement and look (EPC) route, rather than the build-operate-transfer (BOT) model. The EPC route will avoid some of the challenges in the BOT model viz., developer apathy, commercial bank aversion to funding toll road projects and over-optimistic traffic forecasts, the last mentioned adversely affecting credit profiles of many projects in the past.Impact on the Telecom sectorThe budget did not offer did any special sops for the struggling telecom industry in India. Just one announcement was made that duty would increase on mobile phones priced above Rs 2000. It also announced a 5 percent duty hike on STB (set up boxes), and ze ro customs duty on import of plant and machinery for the semiconductor industry. The FM did nothing to boost telecom sector investors confidence.EducationThe budgetary allocation to Ministry of HRD for various schemes has been increased by 17% to Rs.65, 877 crore. A service tax exemption has been granted for institutes offering vocational courses. Under the total budgetary allocation, Rs 272.58 billion has been allocated for Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. Sum of Rs 39.83 billion for Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan has been allocated. Further a sum Rs 52.84 billion has been allocated for scholarships and remaining for up-gradation of be universities and other education schemes. Companies engaged in providing education and allied education services stand to gain.FMCG Consumer durablesAs mentioned earlier the Union Budget 2013-14 has proposed to tin specific excise duty on cigarettes by about 18 percent. There is to be a similar increase on other tobacco items such as cigars, cheroots a nd cigarillos. This rise in the excise duty would negatively impact the demand of the entire tobacco industry.ManufacturingAs a measure to incentivise large-scale players in the manufacturing sector, an investment allowance of 15 per cent in addition to depreciation shall be provided for any fresh investment of a minimum of Rs. 100 crores in plant and machinery for the period April 2013 to March 2015. On the other hand, there are no such incentives for the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector except for the non-tax benefits made available for an extended period of three years even after they lose their MSME status.The Confederation of Indian Industry ( CII ) ViewsThe budget was welcomed by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). They felt it was a growth-oriented budget, and it would kick-start the next cycle of investment in the country. The CII president Adi Godrej said the budget makes laudable efforts to optimise growth drivers while addressing inclusive and sus tained development. The budget meets most of our concerns regarding fiscal consolidation, investment incentives, and inclusive growth. These are in alignment with CIIs submissions in its pre-Budget Memorandum to the Finance Ministry, said Godrej. Budget 2013-14 promises to gravel to the fiscal deficit roadmap as laid out by the Finance Minister last year. This will boost growth, curtail inflation and help in ratings. Emphasis on agriculture, technology and innovation and science and technology is very welcome as it adds to future growth prospects, he added. CII particularly welcomed the stress set(p) on inclusive growth and development. He was happy that the budget left untouched the indirect taxes, which if imposed would have led to a slowdown in the industry.ConclusionThe budget overall is a pragmatic exercise though it did not contain any big-bang reforms . It failed to excite all. This was because the budget had some drawbacks. There have been no relaxations as regards to retro spective law introduced on taxing software and the expected clarifications or guidelines as regards the scope of indirect transfers involving substantial assets located in India have not come. No roadmap was laid for the implementation of the Shome committee recommendations like the postponement of the General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR). But one must admit it is not a negative one either. In short the budget 2013-14 can be called as a blow-hot, blow-cold budget

Mike F. Doyle House Representative of PE :: essays research papers

Michael F. Doyle is a House Representative in Pennsylvania. Doyle represents the 14 district which includes the city of Pittsburg and most of Allegheny County. Doyle is now serving his fifth term in congress. Doyles top priority is to create jobs, preserve social security and Medicare, provide better public education, meet the needs of senior citizens, establish semipermanent energy strategy, and to promote a better climate for the high-tech community.Doyle was born on august 5, 1953 in Pittsburg PA. microphone Doyle has a wife, Susan Doyle and 4 children, whose ages are 18, 14, 12, and 5. Doyle was starting line elected to office November 8, 1994 to the Democratic party. The last time Doyle was elected was November 2, 2004. Doyle went to B.S. Community Development and Penn State University, where he received a Bachelor of Science tip in Community Development in 1975. Doyle is licensed in life, accident, health, property, and casualty insurance.In July, 2004 Doyle had called for a legislating to prevent massive index number blackouts like the sensation that hit the northeast this past year. In August 14, 2003, a massive power outage affected more than 50 million people in ogdoad different stats, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada. Many households were without power for several days. This blackout began in Ohio, where three transmission lines short-circuited. An investigation found that the energy company that owned those power lines was in violation of at least four North Electric Reliability Council operating standards. Doyle introduced almost a year ago a legislation that would establish a national Electric Reliability Organization to enforce power reliability standards across the country. If an organization was to be established it Amer Gov/Easter Chris ZaneMike F. Doyle House of Rep of PA 12/23/04would go a long way towards improving the reliability of the power grid and reduce the likelihood of a future blackout. Doyles plan was named H.R. 3004 and was in troduced on September 23, 2003. Unfortunately, H.R. 3004 has been stalled for months, and the House leadership has suddenly refused to consider it.In October, 2004 Doyle announced that he is working to omen that Congress passes a legislation to improve the supply of flu vaccine before the supply runs out later this year. Doyle has asked that he be added as a cosponsor of the Flu Protection Act. The legislation would offer tax credit for the expansion of flu vaccine production facilities, and would offer a government buy-back sanction for the vaccine makers who end up with extra flu vaccine doses at the end of the flu season.

An Analysis of the Epic Poem, Beowulf - Beowulf and His Pride :: Epic Beowulf essays

Beowulf and His P unloosee One of Beowulfs main characteristics is his ever present pride. To most protagonists their pride is ordinarily explained by a friend or narrator. However, Beowulf is one who likes to show the whole world how important and valuable he is to them. Through out the chapters which we have hire it seems as though the whole point in the book is to show off his strength. He presents himself before a fight with boasting and an ostentatious way of fighting. When Beowulf was a little boy he wanted to show his strength and entered a race with his friend Breeca. He knew that he would win with no safari at all, only when then, due to a storm, he lost his way. While Beowulf was trying to return to land he managed to buck nine ocean monsters with his stark(a) hands and still caught up to Brecca. He apparently bragged to such an extent that everyone in Scandinavia knew about this race and the courageous way he cleared the sea of evil. He, at this yo ung age, had no need to think about death. All he thought about was foolishly having fun and proving himself to the spectators. When Beowulf fought with Grendel, the demon who was terrorizing Herot Hall, he came in that respect boasting about how worthy he was to fight for Denmark. The people accepted him as a deserving warrior and permitted him to do what ever he needed to rid them of Grendel. Beowulf wanted to fool Grendel into thinking that he was sleeping so that Grendel would try to kill him, but instead Beowulf would terminate him. That night Grendel did come and fell regenerate into Beowulfs trap. Beowulf had Grendel in his hands, but no matter how strong Beowulf was the demon escaped missing only an arm. Grendel would soon die in his lair because of blood loss, but Beowulf was unhappy that he could not stretch Grendels body on the floor. However, he still hung Grendels arm, just to show how only he was strong enough to kill the monster. This time when Beowul f went to fight he told the king that if he would die then the king should give